Theory & Formulas
Measurement of the velocity of sound in air (v) and end correction (e) using a closed resonating tube.
• Fundamental Resonance: ¼ λ = l1 + e ⇒ v = 4f(l1 + e)
• First Overtone: ¾ λ = l2 + e ⇒ v = &frac43; f(l2 + e)
• Velocity of Sound: v = 2f(l2 − l1)
• End Correction: e = (l2 − 3l1) / 2
• First Overtone: ¾ λ = l2 + e ⇒ v = &frac43; f(l2 + e)
• Velocity of Sound: v = 2f(l2 − l1)
• End Correction: e = (l2 − 3l1) / 2
Audio Stopped
Measure & Record
Controls & Audio
Readings & Calculated Data
| # | Frequency f (Hz) | l1 (cm) | l2 (cm) | Velocity v (m/s) | End Correction e (cm) |
|---|
Adjust air column height to find resonance peaks (l1 and l2). Then click Calculate or Record Finding.